2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH)

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH)

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH)

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Aldehyde Dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are a superfamily of NADP+-dependent enzymes that metabolize endogenous and exogenous aldehydes to corresponding carboxylic acids. This superfamily of proteins is comprised of 19 isozymes, with constitutive activity of at least one isozyme observed in a majority of mammalian tissues. The ALDHs play important roles, among other things, in cellular detoxification, the protection against ultraviolet radiation-induced damage, and amino acid metabolism.

The ALDH1A subfamily plays a pivotal role in embryogenesis and development by mediating retinoic acid signaling. ALDH2, as a key enzyme that oxidizes acetaldehyde, is crucial for alcohol metabolism. ALDH1A1 and ALDH3A1 are lens and corneal crystallins, which are essential elements of the cellular defense mechanism against ultraviolet radiation-induced damage in ocular tissues. Many ALDH isozymes are important in oxidizing reactive aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation and thereby help maintain cellular homeostasis. Increased expression and activity of ALDH isozymes have been reported in various human cancers and are associated with cancer relapse. As a direct consequence of their significant physiological and toxicological roles, inhibitors of the ALDH enzymes have been developed to treat human diseases.

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Isoform Specific Products:

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-122912
    ALDH1A inhibitor 673A
    		Inhibitor 99.15%
    ALDH1A inhibitor 673A is an ALDH1A inhibitor with IC50s of 246 nM (ALDH1A1), 230 nM (ALDH1A2), 348 nM (ALDH1A3), respectively. ALDH1A inhibitor 673A has little or no inhibitory effect on other ALDH family members. ALDH1A inhibitor 673A induces necroptotic ovarian cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) death. ALDH1A inhibitor 673A induces DNA double stand breaks in cancer cells. ALDH1A inhibitor 673A can be used for the study of ovarian cancer.
    ALDH1A inhibitor 673A
  • HY-144670
    ALDH3A1-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    ALDH3A1-IN-1 (Compound 18) is a potent inhibitor of ALDH3A1 with an IC50 of 1.61 μM. ALDH3A1-IN-1 is more potent than DEAB against patient-derived primary prostate tumor epithelial cells, as single agents or in combination research with docetaxel.
    ALDH3A1-IN-1
  • HY-125085
    ALDH3A1-IN-3
    		Inhibitor 99.30%
    ALDH3A1-IN-3 (CB29) is a selective inhibitor of ALDH3A1, with a Ki value of 4.7 μM and an IC50 value of 16 μM. ALDH3A1-IN-3 has no inhibitory potential on the in vitro activity of ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, ALDH1A3, ALDH1B1, or ALDH2. ALDH3A1-IN-3 can be used in cellular oxidation and cancer research.
    ALDH3A1-IN-3
  • HY-W017186
    ALDH1A3-IN-3
    		Inhibitor 99.26%
    ALDH1A3-IN-3 (compound 16) is a potent inhibitor of ALDH1A3, with an IC50 of 0.26 μM. ALDH1A3-IN-3 is also a good ALDH3A1 substrate. ALDH1A3-IN-3 can be used for the research of prostate cancer.
    ALDH1A3-IN-3
  • HY-135841
    CM010
    		Inhibitor 99.70%
    CM010 is a potent and selective aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A (ALDH1A) family inhibitor, with IC50s of 1700, 740, and 640 nM for ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, and ALDH1A3, respectively. CM010 does not inhibit any of the other ALDH family members. CM010 can regulate metabolism and has anti-cancer activity.
    CM010
  • HY-110294
    CM037
    		Inhibitor 99.55%
    CM037 is a highly selective and competitive ALDH1A1 inhibitor (IC50=4.6 μM). CM037 blocks the catalytic activity of ALDH1A1, thereby inhibiting the activation of the downstream HIF-1α/VEGF pathway. CM037 is mainly used to study the ALDH1A1-mediated regulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and angiogenesis, especially in breast cancer, showing the potential to inhibit tumor angiogenesis and stem cell characteristics.
    CM037
  • HY-144669
    ALDH1A3-IN-2
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    ALDH1A3-IN-2 (Compound 15) is a potent inhibitor of ALDH1A3 with an IC50 of 1.29 μM. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are overexpressed in various tumor types including prostate cancer. ALDH1A3-IN-2 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases.
    ALDH1A3-IN-2
  • HY-112278
    NCT-506
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    NCT-506 is an orally bioavailable aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) inhibitors with an IC50 of 7 nM.
    NCT-506
  • HY-146683
    KS106
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    KS106 is a potent ALDH inhibitor with IC50s of 334, 2137, 360 nM for ALDH1A1, ALDH2, and ALDH3A1, respectively. KS106 shows antiproliferative and anticancer effects with low low toxic.KS106 significantly increases ROS activity, lipid peroxidation and toxic aldehyde accumulation. KS106 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.
    KS106
  • HY-144667
    ALDH1A3-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 98.05%
    ALDH1A3-IN-1 (Compound 14) is a potent ALDH1A3 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.63 μM and a Ki of 0.46 μM. ALDH1A3-IN-1 can be studied in prostate cancer.
    ALDH1A3-IN-1
  • HY-146682
    KS100
    		Inhibitor 99.61%
    KS100 is a potent ALDH inhibitor with IC50s of 230, 1542, 193 nM for ALDH1A1, ALDH2, and ALDH3A1, respectively. KS100 shows antiproliferative and anticancer effects with low low toxic. KS100 significantly increases ROS activity, lipid peroxidation and toxic aldehyde accumulation. KS10600 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.
    KS100
  • HY-122577
    EN40
    		Inhibitor 99.56%
    EN40 is a potent, selective aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1) inhibitor as a covalent ligand, exhibits an IC50 value of 2 uM
    EN40
  • HY-112277
    NCT-505
    		Inhibitor 99.37%
    NCT-505 is a potent and selective aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1A1) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 7 nM, and weakly inhibits hALDH1A2, hALDH1A3, hALDH2, hALDH3A1 (IC50s, >57, 22.8, 20.1, >57 μM).
    NCT-505
  • HY-76006
    3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde
    		99.89%
    3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (3-HBA) is a precursor compound for phenolic compounds like Protocatechuic aldehyde (PCA) (HY-N0295). 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde, produced by 3-hydroxybenzyl-alcohol dehydrogenase, is a substrate of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in rats and humans. 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde has vasculoprotective effects in vitro and in vivo. 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde is proming for research of atherosclerosis.
    3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde
  • HY-126003
    ALDH1A1-IN-2
    		Inhibitor 99.31%
    ALDH1A1-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a1 (aldh1a1). Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) constitute a family of enzymes that play a critical role in oxidizing various cytotoxic xenogenic and biogenic aldehydes. ALDH1A1-IN-2 has the potential for the research of cancer, inflammation, or obesity (extracted from patent WO2019089626A1, compound 295).
    ALDH1A1-IN-2
  • HY-107030
    Nitrefazole
    		Inhibitor 99.44%
    Nitrefazole is a 4-nitroimidazole derivative with strong and long lasting inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of alcohol.
    Nitrefazole
  • HY-113466S
    4-Hydroxynonenal-d3
    		Inhibitor 99.0%
    4-Hydroxynonenal-d3 is the deuterium labeled 4-Hydroxynonenal. 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is an α,β unsaturated hydroxyalkenal and an oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarker. 4-Hydroxynonenal is a substrate and an inhibitor of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). 4-Hydroxynonenal can modulate a number of signaling processes mainly through forming covalent adducts with nucleophilic functional groups in proteins, nucleic acids, and membrane lipids. 4-Hydroxynonenal plays an important role in cancer through mitochondria.
    4-Hydroxynonenal-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-121970
    iGP-1
    		Inhibitor 99.21%
    iGP-1 is a selective and cell-permeant mitochondrial sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH) inhibitor. iGP-1 inhibits H2O2 production by mGPDH.
    iGP-1
  • HY-164781
    KOTX1
    		Inhibitor 98.94%
    KOTX1 is an orally active and selective ALDH1A3 inhibitor. KOTX1 improves glucose tolerance, insulin secretion and blood sugar levels in diabetic mouse models.
    KOTX1
  • HY-169884
    MCI-INI-3
    		Inhibitor ≥99.0%
    MCI-INI-3 is a selective competitive inhibitor of human ALDH1A3 (with a Ki value of 0.55 μM for ALDH1A3 and a Ki value of 78.2 μM for ALDH1A1). MCIINI-3 inhibits the biosynthesis of retinoic acid and reduces the viability of GSC-83 and GSC-326 glioblastoma cells.
    MCI-INI-3
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Isoform Comparison

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